Table 2 Characteristics of patients grouped according to the number of TD

Age (years)

0.470

0.548

0.020

0.350

0.308

0.062

<65

830 (67.00%)

54 (71.10%)

25 (62.50%)

90 (77.60%)

 ≥ 65

408 (33.00%)

22 (28.90%)

15 (37.50%)

26 (22.40%)

BMI

0.542

0.279

0.008

0.629

0.252

0.675

<25

1012 (81.70%)

60 (78.90%)

30 (75.00%)

83 (71.60%)

≥ 25

226 (18.30%)

16 (21.10%)

10 (25.00%)

33 (28.40%)

Tumor size (cm)

0.554

0.076

0.917

0.208

0.678

0.110

 ≤ 2.70

229 (18.50%)

12 (15.80%)

3 (7.50%)

21 (18.10%)

 >2.70

1009 (81.50%)

64 (84.20%)

37 (92.50%)

95 (81.90%)

Obstruction before surgery

0.025

0.016

0.068

0.629

0.613

0.347

 Absent

1087 (87.80%)

60 (78.90%)

30 (75.00%)

95 (81.90%)

 present

151 (12.20%)

16 (21.10%)

10 (25.00%)

21 (18.10%)

Sex

0.274

0.482

0.370

0.933

0.144

0.280

 Male

736 (59.50%)

50 (65.80%)

26 (65.00%)

64 (55.20%)

 Female

502 (40.50%)

26 (34.20%)

14 (35.00%)

52 (44.80%)

Family history of cancer

0.403

0.242

0.754

0.143

0.370

0.428

 No

1121 (90.50%)

71 (93.40%)

34 (85.00%)

104 (89.70%)

 Yes

117 (9.50%)

5 (6.60%)

6 (15.00%)

12 (10.30%)

Post radiotherapy

0.009

0.983

0.088

0.234

0.466

0.460

 No

1177 (95.10%)

67 (88.20%)

38 (95.00%)

106 (91.40%)

 Yes

61 (4.90%)

9 (11.80%)

2 (5.00%)

10 (8.60%)

Chemotherapy

0.027

0.092

0.194

0.955

0.353

0.422

 No

601 (48.50%)

27 (35.50%)

14 (35.00%)

49 (42.20%)

 Yes

637 (51.50%)

49 (64.50%)

26 (65.00%)

67 (57.80%)

Vascular invasion

0.004

0.001

< 0.001

0.413

0.040

0.422

 Absent

1049 (84.70%)

55 (72.40%)

26 (65.00%)

67 (57.80%)

 Present

189 (15.30%)

21 (27.60%)

14 (35.00%)

49 (42.20%)

perineural invasion

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.070

0.646

0.021

 Absent

1013 (81.80%)

42 (55.30%)

15 (37.50%)

68 (58.60%)

 Present

225 (18.20%)

34 (44.70%)

25 (62.50%)

48 (41.40%)

Histological grade

0.222

0.146

< 0.001

0.621

0.099

0.353

 Well

195 (15.80%)

7 (9.20%)

2 (5.00%)

13 (11.20%)

 Moderately

878 (70.90%)

58 (76.30%)

32 (80.00%)

69 (59.50%)

 Poorly

165 (13.30%)

11 (14.50%)

6 (15.00%)

34 (29.30%)

TNM stage

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.918

0.007

0.043

 I

225 (18.20%)

0 (0.00%)

0 (0.00%)

0 (0.00%)

 II

497 (40.10%)

0 (0.00%)

0 (0.00%)

0 (0.00%)

 III

413 (33.40%)

67 (88.20%)

35 (87.50%)

83 (71.60%)

 IV

103 (8.30%)

9 (11.80%)

5 (12.50%)

33 (28.40%)

T stage

< 0.001

0.001

< 0.001

0.997

0.899

0.917

 T1

94 (7.60%)

1 (1.30%)

0

0

 T2

209 (16.90%)

6 (7.90%)

2 (5.00%)

6 (5.20%)

 T3

712 (57.50%)

42 (55.30%)

25 (62.50%)

71 (61.20%)

 T4

223 (18.00%)

27 (35.50%)

13 (32.50%)

39 (33.60%)

N stage

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.693

0.015

0.123

 N0

772(62.40%)

0(0.00%)

0(0.00%)

0(0.00%)

 N1

305(24.60%)

54(71.10%)

27(67.50%)

62(67.50%)

 N2

161(13.00%)

22(28.90%)

13(32.50%)

54(32.50%)

M stage

0.354

0.983

< 0.001

0.599

0.007

0.011

 M0

1144 (92.40%)

68 (89.50%)

37 (92.50%)

85 (73.30%)

 M1

94 (7.60%)

8 (10.50%)

3 (7.50%)

31 (26.70%)

Primary tumor location

0.414

0.472

0.184

0.276

0.829

0.175

 Right colon

307 (24.80%)

17 (22.40%)

11 (27.50%)

24 (20.70%)

 Left colon

295 (23.80%)

16 (21.10%)

11 (27.50%)

25 (21.60%)

 Rectum

636 (51.40%)

43 (56.60%)

18 (45.00%)

67 (57.80%)

ASA

0.476

0.572

0.764

0.383

0.687

0.502

 1

17 (1.40%)

3 (3.90%)

0

0

 2

859 (69.40%)

53 (69.70%)

27 (67.50%)

86 (74.10%)

 3

253 (20.40%)

12 (15.80%)

9 (22.50%)

17 (14.70%)

 4

109 (8.80%)

8 (10.50%)

4 (10.00%)

13 (11.20%)

Previous history of abdominal surgery

0.760

0.591

0.281

0.531

0.659

0.318

 No

1011 (81.70%)

61 (80.30%)

34 (85.00%)

90 (77.60%)

 Yes

227 (18.30%)

15 (19.70%)

6 (15.00%)

26 (22.40%)

Neoadjuvant chemotherapy

0.002

0.471

0.041

0.064

0.426

0.154

 No

1176 (95.00%)

66 (86.80%)

39 (97.50%)

105 (90.50%)

 Yes

62 (5.00%)

10 (13.20%)

1 (2.50%)

11 (9.50%)

Preoperative comorbidities

Any preoperative comorbidities

0.388

0.915

0.581

0.653

0.734

0.840

 No

888 (71.70%)

58 (76.30%)

29 (72.50%)

86 (74.10%)

 Yes

350 (28.30%)

18 (23.70%)

11 (27.50%)

30 (25.90%)

Cardiovascular disease

0.657

0.798

0.529

0.629

0.952

0.570

 No

950 (76.70%)

60 (78.90%)

30 (75.00%)

92 (79.30%)

 Yes

288 (23.30%)

16 (21.10%)

10 (25.00%)

24 (20.70%)

Cerebrovascular disease

0.612

0.892

0.340

0.643

0.763

0.429

 No

1211 (97.80%)

75 (98.70%)

39 (97.50%)

115 (99.10%)

 Yes

27 (2.20%)

1 (1.30%)

1 (2.50%)

1 (0.90%)

COPD

0.539

0.288

0.919

0.205

0.597

0.306

 No

1204 (97.30%)

73 (96.10%)

40 (100.00%)

113 (97.40%)

 Yes

34 (2.70%)

3 (3.90%)

0

3 (2.60%)

Diabetes

0.208

0.924

0.696

0.414

0.391

0.898

 No

1140 (92.10%)

73 (96.10%)

37 (92.50%)

108 (93.10%)

 Yes

98 (7.90%)

3 (3.90%)

3 (7.50%)

8 (6.90%)

Hematologic disease

0.620

0.719

0.540

1.000

1.000

1.000

 No

1234 (99.70%)

76 (100.00%)

40 (100.00%)

116 (100.00%)

 Yes

4 (0.30%)

0

0

0

CEA (ng/mL)

0.002

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.125

0.730

0.174

 < 5

800 (64.60%)

36 (47.40%)

13 (32.50%)

52 (44.80%)

 >=5

438 (35.40%)

40 (52.60%)

27 (67.50%)

64 (55.20%)

CA19-9 (kU/L)

0.001

0.032

< 0.001

0.870

0.759

0.675

 < 37

1052 (85.00%)

54 (71.10%)

29 (72.50%)

80 (69.00%)

 >=37

186 (15.00%)

22 (28.90%)

11 (27.50%)

36 (31.00%)

CA72-4 (U/mL)

0.373

0.660

0.057

0.397

0.625

0.218

 < 6.9

896 (83.70%)

50 (79.40%)

26 (86.70%)

73 (76.00%)

 >=6.9

175 (16.30%)

13 (20.60%)

4 (13.30%)

23 (24.00%)

 Miss

167

13

10

20

CA125 (U/mL)

0.366

0.989

0.006

0.621

0.364

0.230

 < 35

1115 (90.10%)

66 (86.80%)

36 (90.00%)

95 (81.90%)

 >=35

123 (9.90%)

10 (13.20%)

4 (10.00%)

21 (18.10%)

LNs

18 (11)

17 (8)

17 (10)

16 (10)

0.857

0.950

0.014

0.974

0.103

0.169

 Miss

53

2

0

4

PLNs

0 (1)

2 (4)

2 (5)

3 (7)

< 0.001

< 0.001

< 0.001

0.947

0.022

0.063

 Miss

53

2

0

4