Table 4 Univariate and multivariate logistic regression models of variables associated with DCPR-R > 1 in patients with overlapping IBS-GERD

Age

1.00 (0.97–1.04)

0.824

Gender

 Male

ref

 Female

1.03 (0.44–2.41)

0.950

Nation

 The Han nationality

ref

 Non-Han

0.36 (0.06–2.06)

0.250

Educational status

 Below high school

ref

 High school

0.88 (0.30–2.59)

0.815

 Above high school

0.61 (0.24–1.53)

0.290

Marital status

 Unmarried, widowed, or divorced

ref

 Be married

0.63 (0.15–2.67)

0.529

Smoking status

 Never smoker

ref

 Current smoker

1.91 (0.35–10.44)

0.453

 Former smoker

0.57 (0.12–2.73)

0.486

Alcohol consumption

 Never drinker

ref

 Current drinker

1.32 (0.36–4.92)

0.676

 Former drinker

0.76 (0.24–2.38)

0.633

Permanent residence

 Urban

ref

 Rural

2.37 (0.70–8.08)

0.166

IBS subtypes

 IBS with predominant constipation

ref

 IBS with predominant diarrhea

0.44 (0.15–1.32)

0.143

 IBS with mixed bowel habits

0.51 (0.15–1.77)

0.292

 IBS Unclassified

1.05 (0.24–4.62)

0.949

Duration of disease (years)

0.96 (0.88–1.05)

0.388

PSI Stress

1.34 (1.05–1.71)

0.020

1.02 (0.74–1.41)

0.906

PSI Well-being

0.58 (0.42–0.80)

0.001

0.88 (0.57–1.34)

0.545

PSI Psychological Distress

1.32 (1.11–1.59)

0.002

1.10 (0.84–1.42)

0.494

PSI Abnormal Disease Behavior

2.26 (1.57–3.25)

< 0.001

1.29 (0.75–2.21)

0.350

PSI Quality of Life

0.29 (0.15–0.55)

< 0.001

0.49 (0.19–1.25)

0.136

PSSS total score

1.12 (1.06–1.17)

< 0.001

1.10 (1.01–1.19)

0.022

WHO-5 Well-being Index

0.97 (0.95–0.98)

< 0.001

0.99 (0.96–1.02)

0.580

Euthymia Scale score

0.67 (0.55–0.82)

< 0.001

0.91 (0.64–1.29)

0.594

PHQ-9 score

1.16 (1.06–1.27)

0.001

0.85 (0.72–1.01)

0.061

GAD-7 score

1.27 (1.13–1.44)

< 0.001

1.05 (0.88–1.25)

0.592