Table 1 Weighted demographic baseline characteristics of the participants

Age (years)

44.0 (29.0, 59.0)

47.0 (32.0, 62.0)

50.0 (36.0, 62.0)

<0.001

Gender

0.216

 Male

38,845,818 (52%)

36,669,945 (49%)

35,706,935 (46%)

 Female

35,958,540 (48%)

38,166,151 (51%)

41,294,265 (54%)

Race

<0.001

 Mexican American

6,629,830 (9%)

6,998,875 (9%)

7,313,012 (9%)

 Other Hispanic

5,064,578 (7%)

5,195,743 (7%)

5,659,062 (7%)

 Non-Hispanic White

43,737,555 (58%)

47,149,355 (63%)

49,420,424 (64%)

 Non-Hispanic Black

12,628,287 (17%)

7,694,327 (10%)

5,366,552 (7%)

 Other

6,744,108 (9%)

7,797,795 (10%)

9,242,150 (12%)

Education Level

0.001

 ≤High school

24,630,435 (33%)

27,386,972 (37%)

32,606,537 (42%)

 >High school

50,173,923 (67%)

47,449,124 (63%)

44,394,662 (58%)

Marital Status

<0.001

 Married

34,623,755 (46%)

39,109,864 (52%)

43,127,167 (56%)

 Other

40,180,603 (54%)

35,726,231 (48%)

33,874,032 (44%)

Family Income

3.0 (1.7, 4.9)

3.1 (1.6, 5.0)

3.0 (1.7, 4.8)

0.838

BMI (kg/m²)

25.9 (22.5, 29.7)

28.7 (25.1, 33.5)

31.3 (27.5, 35.8)

<0.001

HDL Cholesterol (mmol/L)

1.6 (1.4, 1.9)

1.3 (1.2, 1.6)

1.1 (1.0, 1.2)

<0.001

Triglycerides (mmol/L)

0.8 (0.6, 1.0)

1.3 (1.1, 1.4)

1.7 (1.5, 2.0)

<0.001

Waist Circumference (cm)

91.2 (81.8, 102.1)

99.7 (90.4, 110.7)

106.5 (96.7, 118.2)

<0.001

CAP Score(dB/m)

229.0 (200.0, 270.0)

256.0 (215.0, 301.0)

298.0 (260.0, 335.0)

<0.001

Smoking Status

0.045

 Yes

29,010,258 (39%)

30,114,390 (40%)

34,929,429 (45%)

 No

45,794,100 (61%)

44,721,706 (60%)

42,071,770 (55%)

Hypertension

<0.001

 Yes

17,275,096 (23%)

23,399,956 (31%)

31,035,100 (40%)

 No

57,529,262 (77%)

51,436,140 (69%)

45,966,100 (60%)

Diabetes

<0.001

 Yes

3,219,193 (4%)

6,347,589 (8%)

14,759,241 (19%)

 No

71,585,164 (96%)

68,488,507 (92%)

62,241,958 (81%)

MASLD

<0.001

 No

41,731,676 (56%)

29,581,310 (40%)

11,097,790 (14%)

 Yes

33,072,682 (44%)

45,254,786 (60%)

65,903,409 (86%)

Moderate activities

<0.001

 Yes

38,856,329 (52%)

35,974,847 (48%)

31,031,352 (40%)

 No

35,948,029 (48%)

38,861,249 (52%)

45,969,847 (60%)

Platelet(1000 cells/uL)

232.0 (199.0, 268.0)

236.0 (204.0, 282.0)

246.0 (211.0, 289.0)

0.007

Albumin(g/dL)

4.1 (3.9, 4.3)

4.1 (3.9, 4.3)

4.1 (3.9, 4.3)

<0.001

AST(U/L)

19.0 (16.0, 23.0)

19.1 (17.0, 23.0)

19.4 (16.0, 24.0)

0.960

GGT(IU/L)

18.0 (13.0, 26.0)

21.0 (14.0, 32.0)

24.0 (17.0, 35.0)

<0.001

ALT(U/L)

17.0 (12.0, 23.0)

19.0 (14.0, 26.0)

21.0 (15.0, 31.0)

<0.001

Glucose(mg/dL)

92.0 (86.0, 99.0)

92.0 (87.0, 101.0)

96.0 (89.0, 109.0)

<0.001